From its source in China, the Brahmaputra River is known as the Yarlung Tsangpo. It then flows eastwards through the Himalayas, forming the border between China and India for a significant stretch. As it enters India, it is joined by several tributaries, including the Dibang, Lohit, and Subansiri rivers. In India, the river is known as the Brahmaputra.
After entering India, the Brahmaputra River flows through the northeastern states of Arunachal Pradesh and Assam, where it is a lifeline for millions of people. The river is known for its high sediment load and wide riverbed, which leads to frequent flooding during the monsoon season. The Brahmaputra is also known for its dynamic nature, with shifting channels and sandbars.
In Assam, the river passes through the city of Guwahati and then continues southwards into Bangladesh. In Bangladesh, it joins the Ganges River near the city of Goalundo, forming the world's largest delta known as the Sunderbans Delta. Finally, the combined rivers empty into the Bay of Bengal.
The Brahmaputra River is of great importance to the region's ecology, economy, and culture. It supports a diverse ecosystem, including several endangered species like the Ganges River Dolphin and the Indian Rhinoceros. The river also plays a vital role in agriculture, irrigation, transportation, and hydroelectric power generation in the region.
However, the Brahmaputra River also poses challenges, particularly in terms of flooding and erosion. The river's frequent floods have caused significant damage to infrastructure, displacement of people, and loss of lives. Efforts are ongoing to manage and mitigate these challenges through measures such as embankments, river training, and flood forecasting systems.
Overall, the Brahmaputra River is a significant watercourse in Asia, playing a vital role in the lives of millions of people and supporting rich biodiversity in the region.
The Brahmaputra drains into the Bay of Bengal before forming a huge delta along with the Ganga.
Most of its course lies outside India.
Major Tributaries:
Left bank: Dibang /Sikang, Lohit, Burhi Dihing, Dhansiri, Suma, Kapilli.
Right bank: Subansiri, Manas, Teesta, Sankosh, Kameng, Raidak, Jaldhaka.
Major Projects associated - Tawang Hydel Power Project, Subansiri Lower Hydel Power Project, Teesta Hydel Power Project.
Important Dams built on the Brahmaputra Basin: Subansiri, karbi Langpi dam, Teesta dam.
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