Union Territories of Jammu and Kashmir, and Lakh are multi-cultural, multi-ethnic and multi-religious regions. Thus, the people of this Arabic and English. regions are related to many indigenous languages by virtue of their multi-ethnic society.
On 22nd September, 2020, the Lok Sabha has passed Jammu and Kashmir Official Languages Bill. According to this Bill, Kashmiri, Dogri and Hindi, apart from the existing Urdu and English will be the official languages of Jammu and Kashmir region.
We are going to discuss about the different languages spoken in Jammu and Kashmir, and Ladakh regions. Literature of these regions also have a long rich history. Number of well-known writers enriched the literature of Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh. languages for the Union Territory of Jammu
🟫Dogri Language
Dogri language is mainly spoken in Jammu region. This language belongs to Western Pahari sub-group of the Indo-Aryan languages.
☣Speakers of the Dogri language are known as Dogras and the Dogri speaking region is called Duggar
☣The major group of this language is the Indo-European Group.
☣Dogri language was first mentioned in' Amir Khusrau's list of Indian languages.
☣Dogras believe that Dogri is an independent language and it does not have dialects and it is not influenced by other languages. But this language has got strong base from Sanskrit.
☣Earlier, Dogri language was written in the Dogri Akkhar script which was similar to the Takri Script.
☣On 22nd December, 2003, Dogri was recognised as a national language of India in the Indian Constitution. . In the Jammu-Kashmir official Language Bill, 2020 Dogri is recognised as one of the official
and Kashmir.
Languages of Jammu Region . In the modern times, it is written in Devanagari
languages and was added in the 8th Schedule of the Constitution in 2001. . Other languages used in Jammu region are Punjabi, Pahari, Bhadarwahi and Hindi.
☣
Dogras and the Dogri speaking region is called Punjabi Language Duggar spoken in Jammu, Kathua and Samba districts of Jammu region. It belongs to Indo Aryan language group.
➡️Punjabi Language
🔰Spoken in Jammu Kathua Samba It belongs to Indo-Aryan language group
🔰It is written in Gurmukhi script in India and Shahmukhi script in Pakistan
🔰It is one of the regional languages of Jammu and Kashmir and one among India's 22 scheduled languages.
🔰Important dialects of this language are Punjabi Proper, Majhi, Doabi, Bhatiyana, Powadhi, Malwai, etc.
🔰According to 2011 census, Sikh community comprises 2.03% of total population in Jammu and Kashmir region. Punjabi is spoken widely in this region with different dialects
used by Paharis, Gujjars and Sikhs.
➡️Pahari Language
✴It is spoken in many areas of Jammu and Kashmir e.g. whole Kashmir valley and some districts of Jammu region (Poonch, Rajouri, Doda, Reasi, Ramban, Udhampur, Jammu. Kathua and Samba).
🟫It belongs to Indo-Aryan language group. Pahari language group is divided into three group i.c. Eastern, Central and Western Pahari.
🟫Western Pahari language is spoken in Himachal Pradesh and south-eastern parts ofJammu and Kashmir region.
➡️Bhadarwahi Language
⭕It is an Indo-Aryan language of the Western Pahari group spoken in the Bhadarwah region of Jammu and Kashmir.
⭕This language is also known as Bhadri, Badrohi, Bhadlayi and Bhadlai.
⭕It is a language commonly called as Pahari language. Some even think that it is a dialect of Dogri language.
⭕This language has no official status. Accordingto the UNESCO, this language belongs to endangered category.
➡️Hindi Language
⛔It is mostly spoken by Kashmiri Pandits and Gujjars in the Kashmir valley.
⛔It belongs to Indo-Aryan language group. It one of the 22 scheduled languages of India, It is written in Devanagari script.
⛔ Important dialects of Hindi are Marwari,Bundeli, Bhojpuri, Awadhi, Kanauji, etc.
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